Counterrotational air flow gun type oil burner



April 25, 1950 COUNTERROTATIONAL AIR FLOW GUN TYPE OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 4, 1946 YINVENTOR. Thomas W Mu AT T ORNE Y6 Patented Apr. 25, 1950 ooeNTER o'rA'rmNAn AI FLOW GUN'TYPE OIL BURNER Th mesw- Mur y, li rth Pa-l ass o to.- Monarch Manufacturing Works., 1nc., Bhiladel; Dhia ie-lie. brpera itn aw Application September 4, 1946, Serial No. 694,752

6 Claims.

This inv ention relat es to. an oil. burner of. the;

ypeshew in a plic ti e ia 2 5 ed-Februa 28,1946 and e pa a f rence tolimp ovedm ans nsurinapr r tela s ip, 2 he com u ic ai o t e Q tr am s ra d sure u i Qrm-anarre eromb tipn- Difliculties hayeheretofore;been experienced in secur ng. hapm er un iq m. lame neq l. burners by reason of the fact; that there; is. interference ith t e-st e m of: i b h e it e ectr de a d. he l; ine a. e ultr nequa istributionro-f the air,- there may-exist substantial asymmetry of, thenflame, i.re., it Inaystart on one side, as viewed from above, severalinehes closer to the conering than on the other iside with a resulting uneven distribution, of heat in the furnace.

In accordance. with. th p esent inventiom. air guiding means? are provided: for the, purpose. of insurin uniformity. of the airstreamin roper directingthereof-relative to thegloi-lspray The oreaoing eneral obiectoi the n nti n as well"; a'sroth'er objects .zparticularly relating to details, will become apparent from the following description read in conj un'ction with the accompa vins draw s, injwhich:

Figure l is a vertical: section throu h: an oil burner embodying the nYention;

Figure 2; is a verticalsectiomtaken onthe plane indicated at 2:-2- in Figure 1-; and

Figure ;3;-:is;a vertical section-taken on theplane indicated at 3-:.-3'- in, Figure 1 A- blow tube. 2:of;conventiona1: charac r :ceives-..air. from thefusual blnwer fan-14- provided with blades-6,. Atathe end"ofithe blow tube=or head50f'5the-iburner, theresis aicone orychoke ring 8 which. is. secured to.- the end" of the blew; tube in any desired manner, and" abutting. the choke flrin'g isian-annular 'air diiiuser o mixing head; I U. The-front-end of the. diffuserpisgprovided witha ee; openi gwhosediam r s em wh t reater thansthe openingin the choke firing Band; is pro vided' with a closedba'ck or rear end with the c pt on f a e eral small: ai pee a e r nafter described. 7

Thediiiuser.oramixi-ngiheadtl Drisaprovided with arser esi f inwardly;extendin rcurvedz la es 4 h 8. ;1";Qf thezdifiuser. or mixing head l i i m tered hy. en a m nt in the choke .=ri 1. and prevents the ipassa esof air."betweenrtheicheki lring.. 8.: and the;.mixing head. M unted ni e mixin h ad fliisiairina z-i hi hz ss hewn; ni n :extreme-ierwardnositicn coyeringearpertionnf th P m a mtmen thei blades :I has; .e l1;=a' s, =perthan or; aheicylmdriealmcrtion of the mixin head beyond the blades l2l-so tha t;all .o,f; thegairgdelivered to the mixing head which passes-between therblades thereto passes back of thezring t5. There is an annular air space between-the..inne:r wall ofthe blow. tube and. the peripheryof. the difiuser, and extending from the rear wall ofthe diiTuser area plurality of projectionsjldfor cen tering. and supporting-the rear. endJthereof in the blow tube.

Extending forwardly. from the rear. end ,ofrthe difiuser I is a stabilizer ring; l6,v the inner wall. of which is concentric with the axis ofthediiiuser, whilethe outerwall or periphery of z the stabilizer ringslopes inwardly. and toward the opener-1d ofthe diiiuser l0, and meets the innerwall of the ring, forming asharp annular; edger. Extending through the rear wall of the difiuser lflare a pluralityofopenings I8; whichextendat such an angle as to give the airpassing throughtheback of the difl user mnatwirling motion in a reverse direction to that givento the. air passed between the blades l 2, some of which passesover theoutier face or tapered wall of the ring.

Extending axially through a tubularsupporting .member 29 which may be.formedintegrallywith the back of thediffuser, is an oilline22tterminat+ ing in the usual spray nozzle 2 .1.. Porcelain in: sulato tubes Zdaremc unted in spaced tubular supports 28,also. extending from the. backeof the diiiuser for ignition wires. 30.

By reason of the foregoing describedconstruction, there is provided presentation .of the. com.- bustion air to the oil spray whereby a symmetrie cal flame is produced. 7

Due to the inwardly curved blades l2 of dif-'- fuser o mixing head I 0, the air. isgiven an axial and twirling tangential flow dueto theres'tricted area. between edges oiblades l2 .andthe tor..- wardly converging face of the periphery ofthe stabilizer ring I6 causing a portion of. the. air stream underrpressure to flow first with .asubstantial; radial componentof flow against the for:-

space around and ahead of theoi-l. spray nos-215,24.

The converging ;ai ;streams or mixture is then compressed by the. chokeringd and is then expanded equally ;in all directions :as. it leaves the ixi e d; after pas i i h cr ed. openi intherch eiripa th sp vidiriaanev ly ed combustible gas beyond the choke ring outlet. However, in all instances, this is not sufficient to properly break the vacuum just around and ahead of the nozzle 24; therefore, these two means just referred to above, must be supplemented with properly directed air and of suitable volume through diagonal holes (or slots) so arranged as to produce still more central disturbance within th mixing head.

If a relatively small portion of air is passed through openings 18 to cause a twirling of air in the core of the stream in a reverse direction from the twirling caused by the blades l2, a slightly greater agitation of the air stream about the end of the spray nozzle, will be produced, thiis improving the mixture of the oil spray and air beyond the nozzle 24.

The construction of the combined diffuser and stabilizer ring can readily be made by shearing and pressing the blades from the wall of a cylinder, and mounting one end thereof on the end of a cast member, having the stabilizer ring and supporting members 14 cast integrally with the end enclosure.

What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray and means for directing air to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube beyond the nozzle, a hollow cylindrical wall forming a diffuser extending axially about the nozzle, said diffuser having a discharge end of greater diameter than the outlet from the cone ring, engaging the cone ring and having a substantially closed rear end, said cylindrical wall including a plurality of spaced blades around the periphery thereof, the blades being arranged non-radially to cause the air passing between them to be given a whirling motion during passage into the diffuser, and an annular wall forming a stabilizer extending axially forwardly from the rear end of the diffuser between the nozzle and the blades, there being a plurality of air passages through the rear end of the diffuser within the stabilizer directed to cause the air passing therethrough to be given a whirling motion during its passage into the diffuser in a reverse direction to the whirling motion given to the air passin through the blades around the periphery of the diffuser, the stabilizer being located with respect to the two air flows to cause a convergence of the air fiows in the region of the nozzle. y

' 2. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray and means for directing air to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube beyond the nozzle, a hollow cylindrical wall forming a diffuser extending axially about the nozzle, said diffuser having a discharge end of greater diameter than the outlet from the cone ring, engaging the cone ring and having a substantially closed rear end, said cylindrical wall including a plurality of spaced blades around the periphery thereof, the blades being arranged non-radially to cause the air passing between them to be given a whirling motion during passage into the diffuser, a ring mounted externally on the diffuser limiting the portion of the diffuser to which air is admitted between the blades, and an annular wall forming a stabilizer extending axially forwardly from the rear end of the diffuser between the nozzle and the blades, there being a plurality of air passages through the rear end of the diffuser within the stabilizer directed to cause the air passing therethrough to be given a whirling motion during its passage into the diffuser in a reverse direction to the whirling motion given to the air passing through the blades around the periphery of the diffuser, the stabilizer being located with respect to the two air flows to cause a convergence of the air flows in the region of the nozzle.

3. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray and means for directing air to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube beyond the nozzle, a hollow cylindrical wall forming a diffuser extending axially about the nozzle, said diffuser having a discharge end of greater diameter than the outlet from the cone ring, engaging the cone ring and having a substantially closed rear end, said cylindrical wall forming a plurality of spaced blades around the periphery thereof, the blades being arranged non-radially to cause the air passing between them to be given a whirling motion during passage into the diffuser, and an annular wall forming a stabilizer having a conical periphery extending axially forwardly from the rear end of the diffuser between the nozzle and the blades, there being a plurality of air passages through the rear end of the diffuser within the stabilizer directed to cause th air passing therethrough to be given a whirling motion during its passage into the diffuser in a reverse direction to the whirlin motion given to the air passing through the blades around the periphery of the diffuser, the stabilizer being located with respect to the two air flows to cause a convergence of the air flows the region of the nozzle.

4. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray and means for directing air to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube beyond the nozzle, a hollow cylindrical wall forming a diffuser extending axially about the nozzle, said diffuser having a discharge end of greater diameter than the outl t from the cone ring, engaging the cone ring and having a substantially closed rear end, said cylindrical wall including 9, plurality of spaced blades around the periphery thereof, the blades being arranged non-radially to cause the air passing between them to be given a whirling motion during passage into the diffuser, and an annular wall forming a stabilizer extending axially forwardly from the rear end of the diffuser and terminating back of the end of the nozzle between the nozzle and the blades, there being a plurality of air passages through the rear end of the diffuser within the stabilizer directed to cause the air passing therethrough to be given a whirling motion during its passage into the diffuser in a reverse direction to the whirling motion given to the air passing through the blades around the periphery of the diffuser, the stabilizer being located with respect to the two air flows to cause a convergence of the air flows in the region of the nozzle.

I 5. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray and means for directing air to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube beyond the nozzle, a hollow cylindrical wall forming a diffuser extending axially about the nozzle, said diffuser having a discharge end of greater diameter than the outlet from the cone ring, engaging the cone ring and having a substantially closed rear end,

said cylindrical wall including a plurality of spaced blades around the periphery thereof, the blades being arranged non-radially to cause the air passing between them to be given a whirling motion during passage into the diffuser, a ring mounted externally on the difiuser limiting the portion of the diffuser to which air is admitted between the blades, and an annular Wall forming a stabilizer extending axially forwardly from the rear end of the diffuser and terminating back of the end of the nozzle between the nozzle and the blades, there being a plurality of air passages through the rear end of the diffuser within the stabilizer directed to cause the air passing therethrough to be given a whirling motion during its passage into the diffuser in a reverse direction to the whirling motion given to the air passing through the blades around the periphery of the diffuser, the stabilizer being located with respect to the two air flows to cause a convergence of the air flows in the region of the nozzle.

6. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray and means for directing air to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube beyond the nozzle, a hollow cylindrical wall forming a diffuser extending axially about the nozzle, said diffuser having a discharge end of greater diameter than the outlet from the cone ring, engaging the cone ring and having a substantially closed rear end, said cylindrical wall including .a plurality of spaced blades around the periphery thereof, the

blades being arranged non-radially to cause the air passing between them to be given a whirling motion during passage into the diffuser, and an annular wall forming a stabilizer having a conical periphery extending axially forwardly from the rear end of the diffuser and terminating back of the end of the nozzle between the nozzle and the blades, there being a plurality of air passages through the rear end of the diffuser within the stabilizer directed to cause the air passing therethrough to be given a whirling motion during its passage into the diffuser in a reverse direction to the whirling motion given to the air passing through the blades around the periphery of the difiuser, the stabilizer being located with respect to the two air flows to cause a convergence of the air flows in the region of the nozzle.

THOMAS W. MURPHY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 940,813 Koch Nov. 23, 1909 2,156,121 Macrae Apr. 25, 1939 2,163,915 Reif et a1 June 2'7, 1939 2,222,031 Hammer Nov. 19, 1940 2,262,525 Delancey Nov. 11, 1941 2,304,294 Wood Dec. 8, 1942 2,473,347 Sanborn June 14, 1949 

